What is required for a pilot to operate under IFR?

To operate under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR), a pilot is required to hold an instrument rating. This rating demonstrates that the pilot has completed the necessary training and has the requisite knowledge and skills to navigate and fly an aircraft safely in conditions where visual reference to the ground is not possible, such as in clouds or low visibility. It includes proficiency in using instruments for navigation and communication, as well as adherence to IFR regulations.

Holding a private pilot certificate is not sufficient on its own to fly under IFR; additional training for the instrument rating is essential. While aircraft registration is important for legal operation, it does not pertain directly to the pilot's qualifications. Similarly, a commercial pilot certificate is not required for IFR operations, although a commercial pilot must also be instrument-rated to fly under those rules. Each of these factors plays a role in aviation operations, but for IFR, the instrument rating is the critical component.